The Vice President is elected by an electoral college consisting of members of both houses of Parliament. The term of office is five years, although the Vice President is eligible for re-election. In the event of a vacancy in the office of the President, the Vice President acts as the President until a new one is elected.

Roles and Responsibilities

Ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha:

The Vice President’s primary constitutional role is to serve as the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States). In this role, they preside over parliamentary debates, maintain order, and ensure smooth legislative procedures in the upper house.

Acting President of India:

If the office of the President becomes vacant due to death, resignation, or removal, the Vice President serves as Acting President until a new President is elected. During this time, they exercise all powers of the President.

Neutral and Non-partisan Role:

The Vice President must remain impartial and non-political, especially while presiding over the Rajya Sabha, maintaining dignity and fairness in debates.

Notable Vice Presidents

Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan : A philosopher and statesman, he later became the second President of India. His tenure set high standards for the office.

Dr. Zakir Husain : A respected educationist and freedom fighter, he became the first Muslim President of India after serving as Vice President.

V. V. Giri : He served as Acting President and was later elected as the fourth President.

Mohammad Hidayatullah : A former Chief Justice of India, he brought judicial expertise and dignity to the Vice Presidency.

Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma : A veteran freedom fighter and scholar, he became the ninth President of India.

Conclusion

The Vice President of India plays a crucial constitutional role in maintaining the functioning of parliamentary democracy and acting as a standby to the President. Over the years, several Vice Presidents have left a lasting impact through their scholarship, leadership, and dedication to public service.